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What is a concussion?

A concussion is defined as a short-term loss of brain function resulting from a mild blow to the head. Symptoms may include loss of consciousness, short-term memory loss and headaches. Generally speaking, concussion symptoms will disappear in time, although longer- term damage is possible with repeated injuries.

The brain is surrounded by a fluid that protects it from the mild bumps and movements that accompany daily life. However, a sudden impact, from a blow to the head or rapid acceleration, can cause the brain to move around and bump up against the rigid bone of the skull, causing a concussion.

A concussion disrupts normal brain signals. There are 12 pairs of major cranial nerves that are affected by a concussion. These nerves connect your brain to your eyes and vision, your nose and sense of smell, your mouth and sense of taste and swallowing, your ears and hearing.

Medical authorities have categorized concussions according to severity:

Simple Concussion

Mild symptoms, usually fading away within a week or 10 days, with no long-term problems.

Complex Concussion

Symptoms continue for more than 10 days, ability to think clearly is significantly impaired.

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	About Wave Wave is published six times a year by the Winnipeg Health Region in cooperation with the Winnipeg Free Press. It is available at newsstands, hospitals and clinics throughout Winnipeg, as well as McNally Robinson Books. Read the January / February 2010 issue of Wave